diff --git a/__pycache__/csv_preprocessor.cpython-312.pyc b/__pycache__/csv_preprocessor.cpython-312.pyc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3bb0973
Binary files /dev/null and b/__pycache__/csv_preprocessor.cpython-312.pyc differ
diff --git a/analyze_captures.py b/analyze_captures.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..75e5bcd
--- /dev/null
+++ b/analyze_captures.py
@@ -0,0 +1,161 @@
+"""
+analyze_captures.py
+
+Groups MIPI oscilloscope CSV files by capture, runs csv_preprocessor on each,
+then sends the compact summaries to the Claude API for trend analysis.
+
+Usage:
+    python analyze_captures.py                  # all captures in ./data
+    python analyze_captures.py --last N         # most recent N captures only
+    python analyze_captures.py --capture 0001   # single capture by number
+"""
+
+import argparse
+import sys
+from pathlib import Path
+
+import anthropic
+
+from csv_preprocessor import analyze_file, analyze_lp_file, group_captures, ChannelMetrics, LPMetrics
+
+DATA_DIR = Path(__file__).parent / "data"
+
+CLAUDE_MODEL   = "claude-opus-4-6"
+SYSTEM_PROMPT  = (
+    "You are an expert in MIPI D-PHY signal integrity analysis. "
+    "You will be given compact pre-processed summaries of oscilloscope captures "
+    "from a MIPI CLK and DAT0 differential pair. "
+    "Each capture has three passes: sig (high-res HS quality), proto (long-window HS stats), "
+    "and lp (single-ended, shows LP-11/LP-00/HS burst structure including the SoT sequence). "
+    "Analyse the data for trends, degradation, anomalies, or consistent spec concerns "
+    "across captures. Be concise and actionable."
+)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Helpers
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def process_capture(
+    ts: str,
+    num: int,
+    files: dict[str, Path],
+    verbose: bool = False,
+) -> tuple[str, list[ChannelMetrics]]:
+    """
+    Run the pre-processor on all CSV files for one capture.
+    Returns (text_summary, list_of_metrics).
+    Missing files produce a one-line note instead of crashing.
+    """
+    lines = [f"=== Capture {num:04d}  {ts} ==="]
+    metrics_list: list[ChannelMetrics | LPMetrics] = []
+
+    for key in ("proto_clk", "proto_dat", "sig_clk", "sig_dat", "lp_clk", "lp_dat"):
+        if key not in files:
+            lines.append(f"  [{key}] MISSING")
+            continue
+        try:
+            if key.startswith("lp_"):
+                m = analyze_lp_file(files[key])
+            else:
+                m = analyze_file(files[key])
+            lines.append(m.summary())
+            metrics_list.append(m)
+            if verbose:
+                print(m.summary())
+        except Exception as exc:
+            lines.append(f"  [{key}] ERROR: {exc}")
+
+    return "\n".join(lines), metrics_list
+
+
+def build_prompt(all_summaries: list[str]) -> str:
+    body = "\n\n".join(all_summaries)
+    return (
+        "Below are pre-processed summaries of MIPI D-PHY captures. "
+        "Each capture has three passes per lane (CLK and DAT0):\n"
+        "  sig   — high-res HS differential (rise/fall times)\n"
+        "  proto — long-window HS differential (jitter, clock freq, amplitude)\n"
+        "  lp    — single-ended LP state capture (LP-11 voltage, SoT sequence, HS bursts)\n\n"
+        f"{body}\n\n"
+        "Please:\n"
+        "1. Identify any consistent spec concerns (HS voltage, LP-11 voltage, LP-low timing).\n"
+        "2. Highlight any trends over captures (amplitude drift, jitter, LP-11 voltage, etc.).\n"
+        "3. Flag anomalies — missing LP transitions, short LP-low, unexpected burst counts.\n"
+        "4. Summarise overall signal health in 2–3 sentences."
+    )
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Main
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def main() -> None:
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description="Analyse MIPI CSV captures with Claude")
+    parser.add_argument("--last",    type=int,  default=None, metavar="N",
+                        help="Process only the N most recent captures")
+    parser.add_argument("--capture", type=str,  default=None, metavar="NUM",
+                        help="Process a single capture number (e.g. 0001)")
+    parser.add_argument("--verbose", action="store_true",
+                        help="Print per-file summaries to stdout")
+    parser.add_argument("--dry-run", action="store_true",
+                        help="Print summaries and prompt but do not call Claude API")
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+
+    # --- Discover and filter captures ---
+    groups = group_captures(DATA_DIR)
+    if not groups:
+        print(f"No CSV files found in {DATA_DIR}", file=sys.stderr)
+        sys.exit(1)
+
+    keys = sorted(groups.keys())  # sorted by (timestamp, capture_num)
+
+    if args.capture is not None:
+        target_num = int(args.capture)
+        keys = [k for k in keys if k[1] == target_num]
+        if not keys:
+            print(f"Capture {args.capture} not found.", file=sys.stderr)
+            sys.exit(1)
+
+    if args.last is not None:
+        keys = keys[-args.last:]
+
+    print(f"Processing {len(keys)} capture(s) from {DATA_DIR}\n")
+
+    # --- Run pre-processor ---
+    all_summaries: list[str] = []
+    for ts, num in keys:
+        summary_text, _ = process_capture(ts, num, groups[(ts, num)], verbose=args.verbose)
+        all_summaries.append(summary_text)
+        if not args.verbose:
+            print(f"  Processed capture {num:04d}  {ts}")
+
+    # --- Build Claude prompt ---
+    prompt = build_prompt(all_summaries)
+
+    if args.dry_run:
+        print("\n--- Prompt that would be sent to Claude ---")
+        print(prompt)
+        return
+
+    # --- Call Claude API ---
+    print(f"\nSending {len(prompt):,} characters to {CLAUDE_MODEL}...\n")
+    client   = anthropic.Anthropic()
+    message  = client.messages.create(
+        model      = CLAUDE_MODEL,
+        max_tokens = 1024,
+        system     = SYSTEM_PROMPT,
+        messages   = [{"role": "user", "content": prompt}],
+    )
+    analysis = message.content[0].text
+
+    print("=" * 60)
+    print("CLAUDE ANALYSIS")
+    print("=" * 60)
+    print(analysis)
+    print()
+    print(f"(Tokens used: {message.usage.input_tokens} in / {message.usage.output_tokens} out)")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()
diff --git a/csv_preprocessor.py b/csv_preprocessor.py
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..ee2de8b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/csv_preprocessor.py
@@ -0,0 +1,554 @@
+"""
+csv_preprocessor.py
+
+Extracts MIPI HS-TX / LP state metrics from oscilloscope CSV files.
+
+File naming convention: YYYYMMDD_HHMMSS_{sig|proto|lp}_{NNNN}_{clk|dat}.csv
+
+  sig   — high-res short window  (320 GSa/s, ~20 ns)   — rise/fall times
+            Two columns: time_s, vdiff_v  (F1/F2 differential, ±250 mV HS swing)
+  proto — lower-res long window  (20 GSa/s,  ~10 µs)  — jitter, frequency, amplitude
+            Two columns: time_s, vdiff_v  (F1/F2 differential)
+  lp    — LP state capture       (~40 GSa/s, ~5 µs)   — LP-11/LP-00/HS burst structure
+            Two columns: time_s, voltage_v  (Ch1 or Ch3 single-ended CLK+/DAT0+)
+            Vertical range: −0.2 V to 1.4 V so LP-11 (~1.2 V) and LP-00 (~0 V) are visible.
+            Trigger: falling edge at 0.6 V on CLK+ catches LP-11 → LP-01 SoT transition.
+"""
+
+import csv
+import re
+import numpy as np
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from pathlib import Path
+from typing import Optional
+
+# MIPI D-PHY HS-TX spec limits
+HS_VDIFF_MIN_MV  = 140.0   # |Vdiff| minimum (mV)
+HS_VDIFF_MAX_MV  = 270.0   # |Vdiff| maximum (mV)
+RISE_FALL_MAX_PS = 500.0   # rise/fall time limit 20%–80% (ps)
+
+# Thresholds for "settled" vs "transitioning"
+TRANSITION_BAND_MV = 50.0  # |Vdiff| < this is considered a transition, not settled
+
+# MIPI D-PHY LP state thresholds (single-ended voltage, after probe compensation)
+LP11_HIGH_V      = 0.8    # V — single-ended voltage above this → LP-11 (both pins high ~1.2 V)
+LP_LOW_V         = 0.05   # V — single-ended voltage below this → LP-00 or LP-01 pin low
+LP11_SPEC_MIN_V  = 1.0    # V — LP-11 minimum voltage spec
+LP11_SPEC_MAX_V  = 1.45   # V — LP-11 maximum voltage spec
+LP_LOW_DUR_MIN_NS = 50.0  # ns — minimum LP-low duration per D-PHY spec (LP-01 + LP-00 combined)
+HS_OSC_STD_V     = 0.045  # V — rolling-std threshold above which a region is classified as HS
+
+
+@dataclass
+class ChannelMetrics:
+    timestamp:   str
+    capture_num: int
+    file_type:   str   # "sig" | "proto"
+    channel:     str   # "clk" | "dat"
+
+    sample_rate_gsps: float
+    duration_ns:      float
+    n_samples:        int
+
+    # HS-TX differential voltage
+    vdiff_pos_mv:       float  # mean settled positive level  (HS "1")
+    vdiff_neg_mv:       float  # mean settled negative level  (HS "0")
+    vdiff_amplitude_mv: float  # (|pos| + |neg|) / 2  — spec: 140–270 mV
+    vcm_mv:             float  # (pos + neg) / 2  — common-mode offset
+
+    # Timing (None when there are too few transitions to measure)
+    clock_freq_mhz: Optional[float] = None
+    jitter_pp_ps:   Optional[float] = None
+    jitter_rms_ps:  Optional[float] = None
+    rise_time_ps:   Optional[float] = None
+    fall_time_ps:   Optional[float] = None
+    n_transitions:  int = 0
+
+    # Spec violations
+    spec_violations: int = 0   # settled samples where |Vdiff| < HS_VDIFF_MIN_MV
+
+    warnings: list = field(default_factory=list)
+
+    def summary(self) -> str:
+        ok = lambda cond: "✓" if cond else "✗"
+        lines = [
+            f"Capture {self.capture_num:04d}  {self.timestamp}  [{self.file_type}/{self.channel}]",
+            f"  Vdiff amplitude : {self.vdiff_amplitude_mv:6.1f} mV  "
+            f"(spec 140–270 mV)  {ok(HS_VDIFF_MIN_MV <= self.vdiff_amplitude_mv <= HS_VDIFF_MAX_MV)}",
+            f"  Vdiff pos/neg   : +{self.vdiff_pos_mv:.1f} / {self.vdiff_neg_mv:.1f} mV",
+            f"  Common mode     : {self.vcm_mv:+.1f} mV",
+        ]
+        if self.clock_freq_mhz is not None:
+            lines.append(
+                f"  Clock freq      : {self.clock_freq_mhz:.2f} MHz DDR  "
+                f"({self.n_transitions} transitions)"
+            )
+        if self.jitter_pp_ps is not None:
+            lines.append(
+                f"  Jitter p-p/RMS  : {self.jitter_pp_ps:.1f} ps / {self.jitter_rms_ps:.1f} ps"
+            )
+        if self.rise_time_ps is not None:
+            lines.append(
+                f"  Rise time 20-80%: {self.rise_time_ps:.1f} ps  "
+                f"{ok(self.rise_time_ps <= RISE_FALL_MAX_PS)}"
+            )
+        if self.fall_time_ps is not None:
+            lines.append(
+                f"  Fall time 20-80%: {self.fall_time_ps:.1f} ps  "
+                f"{ok(self.fall_time_ps <= RISE_FALL_MAX_PS)}"
+            )
+        if self.spec_violations:
+            lines.append(f"  Spec violations : {self.spec_violations} samples below {HS_VDIFF_MIN_MV:.0f} mV  ✗")
+        for w in self.warnings:
+            lines.append(f"  WARNING: {w}")
+        return "\n".join(lines)
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Internal helpers
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def _read_csv(path: Path) -> tuple[np.ndarray, np.ndarray]:
+    times, volts = [], []
+    with open(path) as f:
+        for row in csv.reader(f):
+            if len(row) >= 2:
+                try:
+                    times.append(float(row[0]))
+                    volts.append(float(row[1]))
+                except ValueError:
+                    pass  # skip any header row
+    return np.array(times, dtype=np.float64), np.array(volts, dtype=np.float64)
+
+
+def _zero_crossings(times: np.ndarray, volts: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray:
+    """Return array of linearly-interpolated zero-crossing times (seconds)."""
+    signs = np.sign(volts)
+    change = np.diff(signs)
+    idx = np.where(change != 0)[0]
+    ct = []
+    for i in idx:
+        if signs[i] != 0 and signs[i + 1] != 0:
+            frac = -volts[i] / (volts[i + 1] - volts[i])
+            ct.append(times[i] + frac * (times[i + 1] - times[i]))
+    return np.array(ct)
+
+
+def _rise_fall_times(times: np.ndarray, volts: np.ndarray,
+                     v_high: float, v_low: float,
+                     window_samples: int = 60) -> tuple[list, list]:
+    """
+    Measure 20%–80% rise and fall times around each zero crossing.
+    Returns (rise_times_ps, fall_times_ps).
+    """
+    v20 = v_low + 0.20 * (v_high - v_low)
+    v80 = v_low + 0.80 * (v_high - v_low)
+
+    signs = np.sign(volts)
+    trans_idx = np.where(np.diff(signs) != 0)[0]
+
+    rise_ps, fall_ps = [], []
+
+    for idx in trans_idx:
+        s = max(0, idx - window_samples // 2)
+        e = min(len(times), idx + window_samples // 2)
+        tw = times[s:e]
+        vw = volts[s:e]
+        if len(vw) < 4:
+            continue
+
+        if volts[min(idx + 1, len(volts) - 1)] > volts[idx]:   # rising edge
+            # find where vw first crosses v20 (ascending) then v80
+            i20 = np.searchsorted(vw, v20)
+            i80 = np.searchsorted(vw, v80)
+            if 0 < i20 < len(tw) - 1 and 0 < i80 < len(tw) - 1 and i80 > i20:
+                # interpolate each threshold
+                t20 = np.interp(v20, vw[i20 - 1:i20 + 1], tw[i20 - 1:i20 + 1])
+                t80 = np.interp(v80, vw[i80 - 1:i80 + 1], tw[i80 - 1:i80 + 1])
+                rise_ps.append((t80 - t20) * 1e12)
+        else:                                                     # falling edge
+            # descending: reverse the window so searchsorted still works
+            vw_r = vw[::-1]
+            tw_r = tw[::-1]
+            i80 = np.searchsorted(vw_r, v80)
+            i20 = np.searchsorted(vw_r, v20)
+            if 0 < i80 < len(tw_r) - 1 and 0 < i20 < len(tw_r) - 1 and i20 > i80:
+                t80 = np.interp(v80, vw_r[i80 - 1:i80 + 1], tw_r[i80 - 1:i80 + 1])
+                t20 = np.interp(v20, vw_r[i20 - 1:i20 + 1], tw_r[i20 - 1:i20 + 1])
+                fall_ps.append((t20 - t80) * 1e12)
+
+    return rise_ps, fall_ps
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Public API
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+def analyze_file(path: Path) -> ChannelMetrics:
+    """
+    Analyse one oscilloscope CSV file and return a ChannelMetrics instance.
+    """
+    m = re.match(r"(\d{8}_\d{6})_(sig|proto|lp)_(\d+)_(clk|dat)\.csv",
+                 path.name, re.IGNORECASE)
+    if not m:
+        raise ValueError(f"Filename does not match expected pattern: {path.name}")
+
+    timestamp, file_type, cap_str, channel = m.groups()
+    if file_type == "lp":
+        raise ValueError("Use analyze_lp_file() for lp-type files (single-ended)")
+    capture_num = int(cap_str)
+
+    times, volts = _read_csv(path)
+    dt             = float(np.diff(times).mean())
+    sample_rate    = 1.0 / dt
+    duration_ns    = (float(times[-1]) - float(times[0])) * 1e9
+
+    # --- Voltage levels ---
+    v_thresh = TRANSITION_BAND_MV / 1000.0
+    pos_mask = volts >  v_thresh
+    neg_mask = volts < -v_thresh
+
+    vdiff_pos = float(volts[pos_mask].mean()) * 1000.0 if pos_mask.any() else 0.0
+    vdiff_neg = float(volts[neg_mask].mean()) * 1000.0 if neg_mask.any() else 0.0
+
+    # Classify signal coverage:
+    #  no_signal  — neither polarity detected (LP state or idle)
+    #  one_sided  — only one polarity in capture window (short sig window, uniform data)
+    no_signal = (not pos_mask.any()) and (not neg_mask.any())
+    one_sided = (not no_signal) and ((not pos_mask.any()) or (not neg_mask.any()))
+
+    if no_signal:
+        amplitude = 0.0
+    elif one_sided:
+        amplitude = max(abs(vdiff_pos), abs(vdiff_neg))
+    else:
+        amplitude = (abs(vdiff_pos) + abs(vdiff_neg)) / 2.0
+    vcm = (vdiff_pos + vdiff_neg) / 2.0
+
+    # --- Zero crossings → frequency + jitter (CLK only) ---
+    ct = _zero_crossings(times, volts)
+    n_transitions = len(ct)
+    clock_freq_mhz = jitter_pp_ps = jitter_rms_ps = None
+
+    # Jitter / frequency are only meaningful on the CLK lane.
+    # On DAT the bit pattern varies, so half-periods are not uniform by design.
+    # Require at least 20 transitions (10 full cycles) for reliable jitter.
+    # Sig files (~8 transitions) are too short; proto files (~4000) are fine.
+    if channel == "clk" and n_transitions >= 20:
+        half_periods = np.diff(ct) * 1e12   # ps
+        med = float(np.median(half_periods))
+        sd  = float(half_periods.std())
+        # Remove outliers beyond 3σ (spurious glitches)
+        hp = half_periods[np.abs(half_periods - med) < 3.0 * sd] if sd > 0 else half_periods
+        if len(hp) >= 20:
+            clock_freq_mhz = round(1.0 / (float(np.median(hp)) * 2e-12) / 1e6, 2)
+            jitter_pp_ps   = round(float(hp.max() - hp.min()), 1)
+            jitter_rms_ps  = round(float(hp.std()), 1)
+
+    # --- Rise / fall times ---
+    v_high = vdiff_pos / 1000.0
+    v_low  = vdiff_neg / 1000.0
+    rise_list, fall_list = _rise_fall_times(times, volts, v_high, v_low)
+    rise_time_ps = round(float(np.median(rise_list)), 1) if rise_list else None
+    fall_time_ps = round(float(np.median(fall_list)), 1) if fall_list else None
+
+    # --- Spec violations ---
+    # Only check samples that are well away from any zero crossing (bit-centres).
+    # Transitions naturally pass through sub-140 mV, so counting them as violations
+    # would be misleading.  We mask out a ±guard window around each crossing.
+    guard_s = float(np.median(np.diff(ct))) * 0.35 if n_transitions >= 4 else dt * 10
+    in_guard = np.zeros(len(times), dtype=bool)
+    for t_cross in ct:
+        lo = np.searchsorted(times, t_cross - guard_s)
+        hi = np.searchsorted(times, t_cross + guard_s)
+        in_guard[lo:hi] = True
+
+    settled = (~in_guard) & (np.abs(volts) > v_thresh)
+
+    # "Transient" violations: settled samples that dip noticeably below the
+    # measured settled amplitude (threshold = 85 % of the smaller settled level).
+    # This catches genuine dips without flagging cases where the settled level
+    # itself is just marginally below spec (which is reported as a WARNING instead).
+    floor_v = 0.85 * min(abs(vdiff_pos / 1000.0), abs(vdiff_neg / 1000.0)) if (
+        vdiff_pos and vdiff_neg) else HS_VDIFF_MIN_MV / 1000.0
+    spec_violations = int(np.sum(settled & (np.abs(volts) < floor_v)))
+
+    # --- Warnings ---
+    warnings = []
+    if no_signal:
+        warnings.append("No HS signal detected — line may be in LP state or idle")
+    elif one_sided:
+        polarity = "positive" if pos_mask.any() else "negative"
+        warnings.append(
+            f"Only {polarity} swings in capture window — amplitude may be underestimated"
+        )
+    if not no_signal and amplitude < HS_VDIFF_MIN_MV:
+        warnings.append(f"Vdiff {amplitude:.0f} mV below spec min {HS_VDIFF_MIN_MV:.0f} mV")
+    if amplitude > HS_VDIFF_MAX_MV:
+        warnings.append(f"Vdiff {amplitude:.0f} mV above spec max {HS_VDIFF_MAX_MV:.0f} mV")
+    if rise_time_ps is not None and rise_time_ps > RISE_FALL_MAX_PS:
+        warnings.append(f"Rise time {rise_time_ps:.0f} ps exceeds {RISE_FALL_MAX_PS:.0f} ps")
+    if fall_time_ps is not None and fall_time_ps > RISE_FALL_MAX_PS:
+        warnings.append(f"Fall time {fall_time_ps:.0f} ps exceeds {RISE_FALL_MAX_PS:.0f} ps")
+    if spec_violations > 0:
+        warnings.append(f"{spec_violations} settled samples below {HS_VDIFF_MIN_MV:.0f} mV")
+
+    return ChannelMetrics(
+        timestamp        = timestamp,
+        capture_num      = capture_num,
+        file_type        = file_type,
+        channel          = channel,
+        sample_rate_gsps = round(sample_rate / 1e9, 1),
+        duration_ns      = round(duration_ns, 2),
+        n_samples        = len(times),
+        vdiff_pos_mv     = round(vdiff_pos, 1),
+        vdiff_neg_mv     = round(vdiff_neg, 1),
+        vdiff_amplitude_mv = round(amplitude, 1),
+        vcm_mv           = round(vcm, 1),
+        clock_freq_mhz   = clock_freq_mhz,
+        jitter_pp_ps     = jitter_pp_ps,
+        jitter_rms_ps    = jitter_rms_ps,
+        rise_time_ps     = rise_time_ps,
+        fall_time_ps     = fall_time_ps,
+        n_transitions    = n_transitions,
+        spec_violations  = spec_violations,
+        warnings         = warnings,
+    )
+
+
+def group_captures(data_dir: Path) -> dict[tuple[str, int], dict[str, Path]]:
+    """
+    Scan data_dir and group CSV files by (timestamp, capture_number).
+    Returns dict mapping (timestamp, num) → {file_type_channel: Path}.
+    Example key: ("20260408_111448", 1)
+    Example value: {"sig_clk": Path(...), "sig_dat": ..., "proto_clk": ..., "proto_dat": ...}
+    """
+    pattern = re.compile(r"(\d{8}_\d{6})_(sig|proto|lp)_(\d+)_(clk|dat)\.csv", re.IGNORECASE)
+    groups: dict[tuple[str, int], dict[str, Path]] = {}
+    for f in sorted(data_dir.glob("*.csv")):
+        m = pattern.match(f.name)
+        if not m:
+            continue
+        ts, ftype, cap_str, ch = m.groups()
+        key = (ts, int(cap_str))
+        groups.setdefault(key, {})[f"{ftype}_{ch}"] = f
+    return groups
+
+
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# LP state analysis  (lp_clk / lp_dat — single-ended Ch1 / Ch3 captures)
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+@dataclass
+class LPMetrics:
+    timestamp:   str
+    capture_num: int
+    channel:     str   # "clk" | "dat"
+
+    sample_rate_gsps: float
+    duration_us:      float
+    n_samples:        int
+
+    # LP-11 (both pins high ~1.2 V)
+    lp11_voltage_v:    Optional[float]   # mean level in LP-11 region (spec 1.0–1.45 V)
+    lp11_duration_us:  Optional[float]   # total LP-11 time in capture (pre-trigger)
+
+    # LP-low (LP-01 + LP-00 combined — CLK+ = 0 V in both states)
+    lp_low_duration_ns: Optional[float]  # duration between LP-11 end and HS start
+
+    # HS bursts detected within the window
+    n_hs_bursts:        int
+    hs_burst_dur_ns:    Optional[float]  # mean HS burst duration
+    hs_amplitude_mv:    Optional[float]  # peak-to-peak single-ended HS swing (mV)
+
+    lp_transition_valid: bool   # LP-11 → LP-low → HS sequence present
+
+    warnings: list = field(default_factory=list)
+
+    def summary(self) -> str:
+        ok = lambda c: "✓" if c else "✗"
+        lines = [
+            f"Capture {self.capture_num:04d}  {self.timestamp}  [lp/{self.channel}]",
+        ]
+        if self.lp11_voltage_v is not None:
+            in_spec = LP11_SPEC_MIN_V <= self.lp11_voltage_v <= LP11_SPEC_MAX_V
+            lines.append(
+                f"  LP-11 voltage   : {self.lp11_voltage_v:.3f} V  "
+                f"(spec {LP11_SPEC_MIN_V:.1f}–{LP11_SPEC_MAX_V:.2f} V)  {ok(in_spec)}"
+            )
+        if self.lp11_duration_us is not None:
+            lines.append(f"  LP-11 duration  : {self.lp11_duration_us:.2f} µs")
+        if self.lp_low_duration_ns is not None:
+            ok_lp = self.lp_low_duration_ns >= LP_LOW_DUR_MIN_NS
+            lines.append(
+                f"  LP-low duration : {self.lp_low_duration_ns:.0f} ns  "
+                f"(spec ≥{LP_LOW_DUR_MIN_NS:.0f} ns)  {ok(ok_lp)}"
+            )
+        lines.append(
+            f"  LP→HS sequence  : {'valid ✓' if self.lp_transition_valid else 'NOT DETECTED ✗'}"
+        )
+        if self.n_hs_bursts:
+            lines.append(f"  HS bursts       : {self.n_hs_bursts}"
+                         + (f"  avg {self.hs_burst_dur_ns:.0f} ns" if self.hs_burst_dur_ns else ""))
+        if self.hs_amplitude_mv is not None:
+            lines.append(f"  HS amplitude    : {self.hs_amplitude_mv:.0f} mV (single-ended p-p/2)")
+        for w in self.warnings:
+            lines.append(f"  WARNING: {w}")
+        return "\n".join(lines)
+
+
+def _rolling_std(arr: np.ndarray, window: int) -> np.ndarray:
+    """Compute rolling standard deviation using stride_tricks (O(n) memory, fast)."""
+    from numpy.lib.stride_tricks import sliding_window_view
+    n = len(arr)
+    if n <= window:
+        return np.full(n, arr.std())
+    windowed = sliding_window_view(arr, window)
+    stds = windowed.std(axis=1)
+    # Pad edges to maintain original length
+    pad_l = window // 2
+    pad_r = n - len(stds) - pad_l
+    return np.concatenate([np.full(pad_l, stds[0]), stds, np.full(pad_r, stds[-1])])
+
+
+def _find_contiguous_regions(mask: np.ndarray, min_samples: int = 5):
+    """Return list of (start_idx, end_idx) for True runs ≥ min_samples long."""
+    padded = np.concatenate([[False], mask, [False]])
+    diff = np.diff(padded.astype(np.int8))
+    starts = np.where(diff == 1)[0]
+    ends   = np.where(diff == -1)[0]
+    return [(s, e) for s, e in zip(starts, ends) if (e - s) >= min_samples]
+
+
+def analyze_lp_file(path: Path) -> "LPMetrics":
+    """
+    Analyse a single-ended LP capture CSV (Ch1 or Ch3) and return LPMetrics.
+
+    State classification per sample:
+      LP-11  : voltage > LP11_HIGH_V  (~1.2 V, both pins high)
+      LP-low : voltage < LP_LOW_V     (~0 V, pin driven low — LP-01 or LP-00)
+      HS     : voltage in mid-range with high oscillation (rolling std > HS_OSC_STD_V)
+      trans  : everything else (transitions between states)
+    """
+    m = re.match(r"(\d{8}_\d{6})_lp_(\d+)_(clk|dat)\.csv", path.name, re.IGNORECASE)
+    if not m:
+        raise ValueError(f"Filename does not match lp pattern: {path.name}")
+
+    timestamp, cap_str, channel = m.groups()
+    capture_num = int(cap_str)
+
+    times, volts = _read_csv(path)
+    dt           = float(np.diff(times).mean())
+    sample_rate  = 1.0 / dt
+    duration_us  = (float(times[-1]) - float(times[0])) * 1e6
+
+    # ── State classification ──────────────────────────────────────────────
+    # Rolling std over ~1 ns window to detect HS oscillation
+    window = max(10, int(1e-9 / dt))
+    rstd = _rolling_std(volts, window)
+
+    lp11_mask  = volts > LP11_HIGH_V
+    lp_low_mask = (volts < LP_LOW_V) & (rstd < HS_OSC_STD_V)
+    hs_mask    = (~lp11_mask) & (~lp_low_mask) & (rstd >= HS_OSC_STD_V)
+
+    # ── LP-11 region ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    lp11_regions = _find_contiguous_regions(lp11_mask, min_samples=10)
+    lp11_voltage_v   = None
+    lp11_duration_us = None
+    if lp11_regions:
+        lp11_voltage_v   = round(float(np.concatenate(
+            [volts[s:e] for s, e in lp11_regions]).mean()), 3)
+        lp11_duration_us = round(
+            sum((times[e] - times[s]) for s, e in lp11_regions) * 1e6, 3)
+
+    # ── LP-low region (between last LP-11 and first HS) ───────────────────
+    lp_low_duration_ns = None
+    lp_transition_valid = False
+
+    lp_low_regions = _find_contiguous_regions(lp_low_mask, min_samples=5)
+    hs_regions     = _find_contiguous_regions(hs_mask, min_samples=20)
+
+    if lp11_regions and lp_low_regions and hs_regions:
+        # Find the LP-low gap that sits between the last LP-11 and the first HS burst
+        last_lp11_end  = lp11_regions[-1][1]
+        first_hs_start = hs_regions[0][0]
+        bridging = [(s, e) for s, e in lp_low_regions
+                    if s >= last_lp11_end and e <= first_hs_start + int(100e-9 / dt)]
+        if bridging:
+            s0, e0 = bridging[0][0], bridging[-1][1]
+            lp_low_duration_ns = round((times[e0] - times[s0]) * 1e9, 1)
+            lp_transition_valid = True
+
+    # ── HS burst metrics ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    n_hs_bursts      = len(hs_regions)
+    hs_burst_dur_ns  = None
+    hs_amplitude_mv  = None
+
+    if hs_regions:
+        durations = [(times[e] - times[s]) * 1e9 for s, e in hs_regions]
+        hs_burst_dur_ns = round(float(np.mean(durations)), 1)
+
+        # HS single-ended amplitude: peak-to-peak / 2 of the oscillating signal
+        hs_volts = np.concatenate([volts[s:e] for s, e in hs_regions])
+        hs_amplitude_mv = round(
+            (float(np.percentile(hs_volts, 95)) - float(np.percentile(hs_volts, 5))) / 2 * 1000, 1
+        )
+
+    # ── Warnings ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    warnings = []
+    if not lp11_regions:
+        warnings.append("No LP-11 state detected in capture window")
+    elif lp11_voltage_v is not None:
+        if lp11_voltage_v < LP11_SPEC_MIN_V:
+            warnings.append(f"LP-11 voltage {lp11_voltage_v:.3f} V below spec min {LP11_SPEC_MIN_V} V")
+        if lp11_voltage_v > LP11_SPEC_MAX_V:
+            warnings.append(f"LP-11 voltage {lp11_voltage_v:.3f} V above spec max {LP11_SPEC_MAX_V} V")
+
+    if lp_low_duration_ns is not None and lp_low_duration_ns < LP_LOW_DUR_MIN_NS:
+        warnings.append(
+            f"LP-low duration {lp_low_duration_ns:.0f} ns below spec min {LP_LOW_DUR_MIN_NS:.0f} ns"
+        )
+
+    if not lp_transition_valid:
+        warnings.append("LP-11 → LP-low → HS transition sequence not detected")
+
+    if n_hs_bursts == 0:
+        warnings.append("No HS bursts detected after LP transition")
+
+    return LPMetrics(
+        timestamp           = timestamp,
+        capture_num         = capture_num,
+        channel             = channel,
+        sample_rate_gsps    = round(sample_rate / 1e9, 1),
+        duration_us         = round(duration_us, 2),
+        n_samples           = len(times),
+        lp11_voltage_v      = lp11_voltage_v,
+        lp11_duration_us    = lp11_duration_us,
+        lp_low_duration_ns  = lp_low_duration_ns,
+        n_hs_bursts         = n_hs_bursts,
+        hs_burst_dur_ns     = hs_burst_dur_ns,
+        hs_amplitude_mv     = hs_amplitude_mv,
+        lp_transition_valid = lp_transition_valid,
+        warnings            = warnings,
+    )
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    import sys
+
+    data_dir = Path(__file__).parent / "data"
+    if len(sys.argv) > 1:
+        files = [Path(a) for a in sys.argv[1:]]
+    else:
+        files = sorted(data_dir.glob("*.csv"))[:8]   # first 8 files as demo
+
+    for f in files:
+        try:
+            if "_lp_" in f.name:
+                result = analyze_lp_file(f)
+            else:
+                result = analyze_file(f)
+            print(result.summary())
+            print()
+        except Exception as e:
+            print(f"ERROR {f.name}: {e}")
diff --git a/mipi_test.py b/mipi_test.py
index 86998b4..c58dd99 100644
--- a/mipi_test.py
+++ b/mipi_test.py
@@ -30,6 +30,16 @@ SIG_POINTS = 500_000    # 500 k pts → ~25 GSa/s
 PROTO_SCALE  = 1e-6     # 1 µs/div → 10 µs window
 PROTO_POINTS = 500_000  # 500 k pts → 50 MSa/s (enough to see burst structure)
 
+# Pass 3 — LP state capture: widens vertical range to show LP-11 (~1.2 V)
+# Channels reconfigured to 200 mV/div, offset +0.6 V → display spans −0.2 V to 1.4 V.
+# Saves Ch1 (CLK+) and Ch3 (DAT0+) single-ended so LP-11/LP-00 are distinguishable.
+# Trigger: falling edge on Ch1 at 0.6 V → catches LP-11 → LP-01 SoT transition.
+LP_SCALE       = 500e-9   # 500 ns/div → 5 µs window
+LP_POINTS      = 200_000  # 200 k pts → ~40 GSa/s
+LP_V_SCALE     = 0.2      # V/div — 8 divs = 1.6 V range
+LP_V_OFFSET    = 0.6      # V — center display at 0.6 V (range −0.2 V to 1.4 V)
+LP_TRIG_LEVEL  = 0.6      # V — midpoint of LP-11 (1.2 V) → LP-01 (0 V) fall
+
 DISPLAY_SETTLE_S = 1.0  # seconds to wait after display ON before arming scope
 
 test_running  = False              # controls both worker threads
@@ -215,6 +225,48 @@ def _save_pass(tag, iteration, ts):
         print(f"  SAVE ERROR ({tag}): {e}")
 
 
+def _save_pass_channels(tag, iteration, ts):
+    """
+    Save Ch1 (CLK+) and Ch3 (DAT0+) as single-ended CSV for LP state analysis.
+    Single-ended is required for LP because differential (F1/F2) cannot distinguish
+    LP-11 (Vcm=1.2 V) from LP-00 (Vcm=0 V) — both give Vdiff=0.
+    """
+    base = f"C:\\TEMP\\{ts}_{tag}_{iteration:04d}"
+    try:
+        scope.write(f':DISK:SAVE:WAVeform CHANnel1,"{base}_clk.csv",CSV')
+        time.sleep(2.5)
+        scope.write(f':DISK:SAVE:WAVeform CHANnel3,"{base}_dat.csv",CSV')
+        time.sleep(2.5)
+        print(f"  SAVED: {base}_clk.csv  {base}_dat.csv")
+    except Exception as e:
+        print(f"  SAVE ERROR ({tag}): {e}")
+
+
+def _configure_for_lp():
+    """
+    Widen channel vertical scales to capture LP states and switch to a
+    falling-edge trigger to catch the LP-11 → LP-01 SoT transition.
+    """
+    for ch in (1, 2, 3, 4):
+        scope.write(f":CHANnel{ch}:SCALe {LP_V_SCALE:.3f}")
+        scope.write(f":CHANnel{ch}:OFFSet {LP_V_OFFSET:.3f}")
+        time.sleep(0.05)
+    scope.write(":TRIGger:EDGE:SLOPe NEGative")
+    scope.write(f":TRIGger:EDGE:LEVel {LP_TRIG_LEVEL:.3f}")
+    time.sleep(0.1)
+
+
+def _restore_hs_config():
+    """Restore HS-mode channel scales, offsets, and trigger after LP capture."""
+    for ch in (1, 2, 3, 4):
+        scope.write(f":CHANnel{ch}:SCALe 0.1")
+        scope.write(f":CHANnel{ch}:OFFSet 0.0")
+        time.sleep(0.05)
+    scope.write(":TRIGger:EDGE:SLOPe POSitive")
+    scope.write(f":TRIGger:EDGE:LEVel 0.05")
+    time.sleep(0.1)
+
+
 def dual_capture(iteration):
     """
     Two-pass capture per test iteration:
@@ -242,6 +294,18 @@ def dual_capture(iteration):
     else:
         print("  SKIPPING PASS 2 SAVE.")
 
+    # ── Pass 3: LP / SoT structure ────────────────────────────────────────
+    # Widens vertical range to capture LP-11 (1.2 V) and falls-edge triggers
+    # on the LP-11 → LP-01 SoT transition.  Saves Ch1 and Ch3 single-ended.
+    print("  PASS 3: LP TRANSITION...")
+    _configure_for_lp()
+    _set_timebase(LP_SCALE, LP_POINTS)
+    if _arm_and_wait(timeout=30):
+        _save_pass_channels("lp", iteration, ts)
+    else:
+        print("  SKIPPING PASS 3 SAVE.")
+    _restore_hs_config()
+
     # ── Restore original timebase ─────────────────────────────────────────
     _set_timebase(5e-9, 500_000)
     scope.write(":RUN")